Inverse Square Law Of Lighting

The inverse square law states that for a point source of wave that is capable of radiating omnidirectional and with no obstructions in the vicinity, the intensity decreases with the square of the distance. It's capable of radiating omnidirectional with no obstructions in the vicinity (free field conditions). It puts out a certain number of light rays that are going to hit that subject now if we move our light source further away those same light rays are spread over a much larger area and therefore we have fewer light rays falling onto our subject this light falloff happens. It affects your lighting scene in terms of proportion and the square of distance. It about distance because it also measures how much exposure is going into it. 

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